CET3-10 THE FANTASTIC SPURT IN TECHNOLOGY

Unit Ten sound.gif (2200 字节)

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Alvin Toffler writes about the fact that technolo-
gy is advancing much faster today than ever before in
history. The symbols of technology are no longer facto-
ry smokestacks or assembly lines. As we are headed for
the future, the pace will quicken still further.

　

THE FANTASTIC SPURT IN TECHNOLOGY

A. Toffler
To most people the term technology conjures up images of smoky steel
mills or noisy machines. Perhaps the classic representation of technology is
still the assembly line created by Henry Ford half a century ago and made
into a social symbol by Charlie Chaplin in Modern Times . This symbol,
5 however, has always been inadequate and misleading, for technology has al-
ways been more than factories and machines. The invention of the horse
collar in the middle ageS led to major changes in agricultural methods and
was as much a technological advance as the invention of the Bessemer fur-
nace centuries later. Moreover, technology includes techniques, or ways to
10 do things, as well as the machines that may or may not be necessary to ap-
ply them. It includes ways ta make chemical reactions occur, ways tobreed
fish, plant forests, light theaters, count votes or teach history.
The old symbols of technology are even more misleading today, when
the most advanced technological processes are carried out far from assembly
15 lines or blast furnaces. Indeed, in electronics, in space technology, in most
of the new industries, quiet and clean surroundings are chsracteristic-- even
sometimes essential. And the assembly line - the organization of large numbers
of men to carry out simple repetitive functions - is outdated. It is time for
our symbols of technology to change - to catch up with the quickening
20changes in technology itself .
This acceleration is frequently dramatized by a brief account of the progress
in transportation. It has been pointed out, for example, that in 6000 BC
the fastest transportation available to man over long distances was the camel
caravan, averaging eight miles per hour (mph) . It was not untila bout 1600
25BC when the chariot was invented that the maximum speed was raised to
roughly twenty miles per hour.
So impressive was this invention, so difficult was it to exceed this speed
limit, that nearly 3,500 years later, when the first mail coach begano perating
in England in 1784, it averaged a mere ten mph. The first steam locomotive，
30 introduced in 1825, could have a top speed of only thirteen mph and
the great sailing ships of the tirne labored along at less than half that speed.
It was probably not until the 1880's that man, with the help of a more
advanced steam locomotive, rmanaged to reach a speed of one hundred
mph. It took the human race millions of years to attain that record.
35 It took only fifty-eight years， however, to go four times that fast, so
that by 1938 men in airplanes were traveling at better thari 400 mph. It
took a mere twenty-year flick of time to double the limit again. Arid by the
1960's rocket planes approached speeds of 4,000 rnph. and-men in space
capsules were circiing the earth at 18,000 mph.
40 Whether we examine distances traveled, altitudes reached, or minerals
mined, the same accelerative trend is abvious. The pattern, here and in a
thousand other statistical series, is absolutely clear and unmistakable.
Thousands of years go by, and then, in our own times, a sudden bursting
of the limits, a fantastic spurt forward.
45 The reason for this is that technology feeds on itself. Technology makes
more technology possible, as we can see if we look for a moment at the
process of innovation. Technological innovation consists of three stages, linked
together into a self-reinforcing cycle. First, there is the creative, feasible idea.
Second, its practical application.Third, its diffusion through society.
50 The process is completed, the loop closed, when the diffusion of tech-
nology embodying the new idea, in turn, helps generate new creative ideas.
Today there is evidence that the time between each of the steps in this cyele
has been shortened.
Thus it is not merely true, as frequently noted , that 90 percent of al the
55scientists who ever lived are now alive, and that new scientific discoveries
are being made every day. These new ideas are put to work much more
quickly than ever before. The tirne between the first and second stages of
cycle - between idea and application-- has been radically reduced. the This
is a striking difference between ourselves and our ancestors. It is not that we
60 are more eager or less lazy than our ancestors, but we have, with the
passage of time, invented all sorts of social devices to hasten the process.
But if it takes less time to bring a new idea to the marketplace, it also takes
less time for it to sweep through the society. For example, the refrigerator
was introduced in the United States before 1920, yet its peak production
65 did not come until more than thirty years later. However, by 1950- in only a
few years - television had grown from a laboratory novelty to the biggest
part of show business. So the interval between the second and third stages
of the cycle - between application and diffusion - has likewise been cut,and
the pace of diffusion is rising with astonishing speed.
70 The stepped-up pace of invention, application and diffusion, in turn,
accelerates the whole cycle still further. For new machines or techniques are not
merely a product, but a source, of fresh creative ideas.

　

New Words

fantastic / a. unbelievably large or great 极大的;难以置信的
spurt/ n. a short sudden increase of activity, effort or
speed; burst 猛增;突然加速;迸发
conjure / vt cause (sth. ) to appear in the mind 唤起,使想起
smoky/ a. giving out much smoke
mill / n. factory or workshop
classic/ a. typical 经典的,典型的
representation / n. sth. that represents 代表
represent/ vt.
symbol / n. sign, mark, or object which represents a person,
idea, value, etc. 象征
inadequate/ a. not adequate; insufficient
misleading / a. causing wrong conclusions; causing mistakes
mislead /vt.
invention/ n. the act of inventing; sth. invented
horse collar 马轭,炉子
agricultural/ a. of agriculture
furnace / n. 熔炉,炉子
apply / vt. put into use or operation 应用,运用
occur / vi. take place; happen
breed / (bred/bred/) vt. rasi (esp. animals)饲养
vote/ n. 选票;选举(权)
advanced / a. far on in development; modern
blast / n. 鼓风;送风
blast furnace 鼓风炉;高炉
electronics/ n. 电子技术;电子学
surroundings / n. (used with a pl. v. ) everything around and
about a place; conditions of life 环境
characteristic / a. showing the individual character 表示特性的
essential / a. necessary; most important
organization/ n. the act organizing ; an organized bady or
system
repetitive / a. of or charaeterized by the act of repeating
repetition/ n.
function/ n. special duty ( of a person ) or purpose ( of a
thing)职责,功能,作用
outdated / a. no longer in general use; old-fashioned
quieken /v. make or become quick(er)
acceleration / n. 加速
dramatize / vt. put intov dramatic form; express or represent
( sth: ) in a dramatic or exaggerated way
account / n. report or description
transportatiori / n. the business of carrying people or goods from
one , place to another 运输
transport/ vt.
BC abbr. Before (the birth of) Christ 公元前
available / a. capable of being got, obtained, used, etc. 可获
得的;可利用的
camel 骆驼
caravan / n. (往返于沙漠地带的)商队
average / vt. have as an average 平均为
per / prep. for each 每
mph/ abbr. miles per hour
chariot / n. two-wheeled carriage pulled by horses(古时)双
轮马拉战车
maximtun /n. & a. (being) the largest number, amount, etc.
roughly/ ad. about; more or less but not exactly
impressive / a. making a deep impression on the tnind and feel-
ings 给人深刻印象的
exceed / vt. go or be beyond a limit, measure, or degree
超过
coach / n. large, old-fashioned, closed carriage pulled by
horses 四轮大马车
operate v. (cause to) work, be in action
mere / a. nothing more than
locomotive / n. railway engine 四轮大马车
race / n. main division of any living things; nation or
tribe属;人种
airplane/ n. 飞机
flick / n. sudden, light blow or stroke; sudden short
movement 轻弹;突然的轻快动作
rocket / n. 火箭
capsule / n. the part of a spaceship in which the pilots live and work
and from which the engine is separated when the
takeof f is completed 宇宙密封舱
altitude / n. 高,(尤指海拔)高度
mineral / n. 矿物,矿石
accelerative / a. 加速的
trend n. general direction; tendency 趋向;倾向
pattern / n. the way in which sth. happens or develops 模式
statistical/ a. 统计的; 统计学的
unmistakable/ a clearly reoognizable
innovation / n. the introduction of sth. new; new idea, method,
or invention
stage/ n. point, period or step in development 阶段;时期
cycle / n. series of events taking place in a regtilarly repeated
order 循环;周期
feasible / a. capable of being carried out or done; possible
可行的
diffusion / n. the act of spreading out (knowtedge,etc. ) widly
扩散;传播
embody / vt. give form to, express 体现
generate / vt. cause to exist or occur; produce 发生;产生
shorten/ v. make or become shorter
scientific / a. of science; guided by the rules of science
radically / ad. fundamentally; essentially; extremely
radical/ a.
reduce / vt. make less; make smaller in size, number, degree
减少;降底
striking / a. very noticeable; attracting attention 显著的
ancestor / n.
marketplace / n. square or open place in a town where a market is
held
refrigerator / n. 冰箱
frige/ n. refrigerator
peak/ n. the highest point or level; the pointed top of a
mountain or hill 顶峰;山峰
novelty / n. sth. new and unusual; innovation 新奇的事物
novel/ a. 新颖的,新奇的
likewise / ad. in the same way
astonishing / a. very surprising; amazing
astonish/ vt.
stepped-up/ a. increased in size, speed, or extent
accelerate / v. (cause to) move faster 加速


Phrases & Expressions


conjure up cause to appear as a picture in the mind
使联想起
labo(u)r along move slowly and with difficulty
go by pass (in place or time)
feed on (of animals) live on (food); draw strength,
support or satisfaction from
in turn in proper sequence or succession 依次,轮流.转而
put to work apply


Proper Names


Henry Ford 亨利·福特
Charlie Chaplin 查利·卓别麟
Bessemer 贝西默(姓氏)

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CET3-09 THE DEATH OF HTTLER

     Unit Nine             

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In the last days of World War II, Adolf Hitler and his closest associates had sought shelter in a com- mand bunker before the fall of Berlin. He knew that defeat was close at hand and that he must prepare for his own death.Here is a detailed description of how he ended his life. THE DEATH OF HITLER William L. Shirer During the afternoon of April 29 , news arrived at the bunkes where Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun were separated from the outside world. Mus- solini, Hitder's fellow fascist dictator and partner in aggression, had met his end, and it had been shared by his mistress, Clara Petacci. 5 They had been caught by Italian guerrillas on April 27 while trying to escape to Switzerland and executed after a brief trial.On the Saturday night of April 28 the bodies were brought to Milan in a truck and dumped on the town square.The next day they were strung up by the heels from lamp- posts and later cut down so that throughout the rest of Sunday,they lay in 10 the gutter. On May Day Benito Mussolini was buried beside his mistress in the paupers' plot of a Milan cemetery.In such a horrible climax of degrada- tion Mussolini and Fascism passed into history. It is not known how many of the details of Mussolini's shabby end were communicated to the Fuehrer. One can only guess that if he heard 15 many of them he was only strengthened in his resolve not to allow himself or his bride to be made a spectacle-not their live selves or their bodies. Shortly after receiving the news of Mussolini's death, Hitler began to make the final preparations for his. He had his favorite Alsatian dog poi- soned and two other dogs in the household shot. Then he called in his two 20 remaining women secretaries and handed them capsules of poison to use if they wished to when the advancing Russians broke in. He was sorry, he said, not to be able to give them a better farewell gift, and he expressed his appreciation for their long and loyal service. Evening had now come, the last of Adolf Hitler's life. He instructed 25 Mrs. Junge, one of his secretaries, to destroy the remaining papers in his files,and he sent out word that no one in the bunker was to go to bed until further orders. This was interpreted by all as meaning that he judged the time had come to make his farewells. But it was not until long after mid- night, at about 2:30 AM of April 30, as several witnesses recall, that the 30 Fuehrer emerged from his private quarters and appeared in the general din- ing passage where some 20 persons, mostly the women members of his group of associates, were assembled. He walked down the line shaking hands with each and mumbling a few words that were inaudible.There was a heavy film of moisture on his eyes and, as Mrs. Junge remembered, 35 "They seemed to be looking far away, beyond the walls of the bunker." After he retired, a curious thing happened. The tension which had been building up to an almost unendurable point in the bunker broke, and several persons went to the canteen - to dance.The weird party soon be- came so noisy that word was sent from the Fuehrer's quarters requesting 40 more quiet. The Russians might come in a few hours and kill them all -- though most of them were already thinking of how they could escape -- but in the meantime;for a brief spell,now that the Fuehrer's strict control of their lives was over, they would seek pleasure where and how they could find it. The sense of relief among these people seems to have been enor- 45 mous, and they danced on through the night. Berlin was no longer defensible. The Russians already had occupied al- most all of the city. It was now merely a question of the defense of the Chancellery.It too was doomed,as Hitler and Bormann learned at the situ- ation conference at noon on April 30,the last that was ever to take place. 50 The Russians were just a block away. The hour for Adolf Hitler to carry out his resolve had come. His bride apparently had no appetite for lunch that day, and Hitler took his meal with his two secretaries and with his vegetarian cook, who perhaps did not realize that she had prepared his last meal.While they 55 were finishing their lunch at about 2: 30 PM,Erich Kempka, the Fuehrer's chauffeur, who was in charge of the Chancellery garage,received an order to deliver immediately 200 liters of gasoline in cans to the Chancellery gar-den.Kempka had some difficulty in roundirig up so much fuel, but he managed to collect some 180 liters and with the help of three men carried 60 it to the emergency exit of the bunker. While the oil to provide the fire for the Viking funeral was being col- lected, Hitler, having done with his last meal; fetched Eva Braun for an- other and final farewell to his most intimate collaborators: Dr. Goebbels, Generals Krebs and Burgdorf, the secretaries, and Miss Manzialy, the 65 cook. They finished their farewells and retired to their rooms.Outside in the passageway, Dr. Goebbels, Bormann and a few others waited.In a few moments a revolver shot was heard.They waited for a second one,but there was only silence. After a decent interval they quietly entered the 70 Fuehrer's quarters.They found the body of Adolf Hitler sprawled on the sofa dripping blood. He had shot himself in the mouth.At his side lay Eva Braun. Two revolvers had fallen to the floor, but the bride had not used hers. She had swallowed poison. It was 3: 30 PM on Monday, April 30, 1945, ten days after Adolf 75 Hitler's fifty-sixth birthday,and twelve years and three months to the day since he had become Chancellor of Germany and had instituted the Third Reich. It would survive him but a week. New Words bunher / n. strongly-built shelter for soldiers, esp. one built underground 地堡 fascist / a. 法西斯主义的 n. 法西斯分子 dictstor / n. a ruler who has absolute power over a country, esp. one who has obtained such power hy force 独裁者 partner/ n. 伙伴 aggression/ n. the starting of a war, fight, or quarrel without just cause 侵略 mistress /n. 情妇 Italian / a. 意大利的 n. 意大利人;意大利语 guer(r)illa / n. 游击队员 execute /vt. kill (sb.) by law;carry out,perform 处死; 实施,执行 exeCutive/a. & n. dump / vt. drop or unload (sth.) in a heap or carelessly 倾倒 string/ vt. hang with a string or rope heel/ n. (脚)后跟 lamppost/ n. post for a street lamp 路灯柱 gutter/ n. 街沟 pauper / n. a person with no means of livelihood,esp. one who is supported by charity 贫民 plot / n. a piece of land (usu. small) cemetery / n. place for burying the dead 公墓;墓地 horrible / a. causing a feeling of great shock, fear or dislike horror/ n. Clitnax / n. the point of greatest interest or intensity 高潮 degradation/ n. 羞辱 Fascism / n. 法西斯主义 shabby / a. dishonourable; mean; worn out 不光彩的; 卑鄙的;破旧的 Fuehrer / n. (德)元首 strengthen/ v. make or become strong(er) 加强 resolve/ n. resolution 决心 bride / n. a girl or woman just married or about to be mar- ried 新娘 spectacle / n. an object of contempt or disrespect; a public show or scene 引人鄙视的对象;场面 preparation/ n. things done to get ready for sth. Alsatian / a. 阿尔萨斯的 n. 阿尔萨斯狼犬 poison /vt. 毒死,放毒 n. 毒药 farewell / n. goodbye appreciation /n. understanding of the qualities or worth of sth. ; grateful feelings 欣赏;感激 loyal / a. true to one's friends, group, country, etc; faith- ful 忠诚的 instruct / vt. give orders or directions to 命令;指示 file/ n. 卷宗;档案 wortl/ n. order intei'pret / vt. explain or tell the likely meaning of (sth.) interpretation/ n. prlvate/ a. personal; one's own 私人的;个人的 mastly/ ad. chiefly; almast all mostly/ n. a person connected with another, esp. in work assemble / vt. gather or collect together 集合 inaudible /a. that can not be heard moisture / n. slight wetness; water or other liquid spread in small drops in the sir or on a surface 潮湿,湿气 retire/vi. withdraw; go away 退出 unendurablel/ a. unbearable canteen / n. a place in a military camp, factory,etc. where people may buy and eat food,meals, drinks, sweets, etc. 食堂 weird / a. strange; unnatural reqdest / vt. demand politely 请求 meantirne/n. & ad. (in) the time between spell/ n. a period of time striCt / a. rigid 严厉的 relief/ n. the fact or state of lessening or freeing from anx-iety, fear, or pain (忧虑等的) 减轻,解除 enormdus / a. very large defensible / a. that can be defended doom / vt. cause to suffer sth. unavoidable and unpleasant,such as death or destruction noon/ n. midday apparently / ad. evidently; it seems (that) apparent/ a. vegetarian / a. relating to a person who eats vegetables but no meat (有关)素食的 chauffeur / n. a person employed to drive someone's car liter / n. (容量单位)升 gasoline / n. 汽油 fuel / n. 燃料 intimate / a. close in relationship 亲密的 collaborator / n. partner in an activity 协作者,同伙 passageway/ n. 走廊 revolver / n. 左轮手枪 decent /a. right and suitable 合宜的;得体的 interval / n. time between two events 间隔 sofa /n. 沙发 drip/ v. fall or let fall in drops swallow / vt. 吞咽 chancellor / n. chief minister of state (in some countries e. g. Gexmany) 总理(或首相) institute/ vt. set up for the first time 建立 Phrases & Expressions meet one's end die string up hang (sth.) high with strings; put to death by hanging 用绳吊起;吊死 call in ask to come or go in break in enter a buildeng by force (非法)强行 进入 build up increase, strengthen gradually in the meantirne meanwhile in charge of responsible for round up collect, gather together 集拢 have done with finish with; stop doing or using 结束; 终止 to a/the day exactly (in time) Proper Names Adolf Hitler 阿道夫.希特勒 Eva Braun 爱娃.勃劳恩 Benito Mussolini 本尼托.墨索里尼 Clara Petacci 克拉拉.贝塔西 Switzerland 瑞士 Milan 米兰(意大利城市) May Day 劳动节 the Fuehrer 元首(纳粹统治时期对希特勒的称呼) Junge 荣格(姓氏) Berlin 柏林(德国首都) the Chancellery (德国)总理府 Bormann 鲍曼(姓氏) Erich Kempka 埃里希.肯普卡 Viking (八至十世纪劫掠欧洲海岸的)北欧海盗 Goebbels 戈培尔(姓氏) Krebs 克莱勃斯(姓氏) Burgdorf 布格道夫(姓氏) Manzialy 曼齐阿里(姓氏) the Third Reich 第三帝国

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CET3-08 DAYREAM A LITTLE

     Unit Eight  
               

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             Daydreaming  has  always  had  a  bad  reputation,
      but now scientific research  has revealed that  daydream-
      ing  may actually improve yaur  mental  health  and, cre-
      ativity.   It  can  even  help  you   achieve   your   desired
      goals.   
    

                         DAYDREAM A LITTLE   
                              

                                                            Eugene Raudsepp 
          "Daydreaming again, Barb?  You'll  never  amount  to  anything  if  you
    spend your time that way! Can't you find something useful to do? "
            Many youngsters have heard words like those  from  their  parents.And
    until  recently  this hostile attitude  towards daydreaming  was the most com-
5   mon one. Daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time. Or it was  considered
    an  unhealthy  eseape  from real  life and its duties. But now  some people are
    taking  a  fresh  look  at  daydrearning.  Some think it may  be a very  healthy
    thing to do.
         Attitudes towards  daydreaming  are  changing  in  much  the  same  way
10 that  attitudes  towards  night dreaming have changed. Once it  was  thought 
    that  nighttime  dreams  interfered with our needed rest.But then researchers
    tried  interrupting  the  dreams of sleepers.  They learned  that  sleepers who
    aren't  allowed to dream lose  the benefits of rest. They become  tense  and
    anxious.  They become  irritable.  They  have  trouble  concehtrating.  Their
    mental  health  is  temporarily damaged.  To f eel well again,they must be al-
15 lowed to dream.
         Now researchers are finding that  daydreaming  may  also  be  important
    to mental health. Daydreaming,they  tell us, is  a  good  means of relaxation.
    But its benefits go beyond this.A number of psychologists have conducted
20  experiments and have reached some surprising conclusions.
          Dr. Joan T. Freyberg has  concluded  that  daydreaming contributes  to
    intellectual growth. It  also improves concentration, attention  span, and the
    ability  to get along  with others,  she says. In  an  experiment  with  school
    children,  this  same  researcher  found that daydreaming led the children to
25  pay more attention to detail. They had more happy  feelings. They  worked
    together  better. Another  researcher reported that daydreaming  seemed  to
    produce improved self-control and creative abilities.
           But that's only part of  the story.  The  most  remarkable  thing  about
    daydreaming  may be its usefulness in shaping our future lives as we  want
30  them to be. Industrialist  Henry J.Kaiser believed that much of his success 
    was due to the positive use of daydreaming. He maintained that  "you  can
    imagine your future. " Florence Nightingale dreamed of becoming a  nurse.
    The young Thomas Edison pictured himself as an inventor. For  these  no-
    table achievers, it appears that their daydreams came true.
35       Dr. Harry Emerson Fosdick believed that the way we picture ourselves
    is  often the  way  we turn out.  He  offered this advice: " Hold a picture of
    yourself...  in your  mind's eye,  and you  will be  drawn toward it.  Picture
    yourself  vividly as defeated, and that  alone will  make  victory impossible.
    Picture  yourself as  winning, and  that will contribute immeasurably to suc-
40 cess. Do not picture yourself as anything, and you will drift..."
           The experiences of some athletes seem to confirm this belief.  For  in-
    stance, John Uelses, a former  pole-vaulting  champion, used  daydreaming
    techniques before each meet.He would imagine himself winning. He  would
    vividly  picture  himself  clearing  the  bar at a certain  height. He  would go
45 over  all  the details  in his  mind.  He  would picture the  stadium  and  the
   crowds. He'd even  imagine  the smell  of the  grass and the earth.  He  said
   that  this exercise of  the  imagination left  memory  traces  in  his mind that
   would later help his actual performance.
        Why would a mental vision of success help  produce  real  success? Dr.
50 Maxwell Maltz, a  surgeon and  author,  says  this: " Your  nervous  systen
    cannot tell the difference between an imagined experience and a real experi-
    ence. In  either  case  it reacts automatically to information that you give
    it... It reacts appropriately to what you think or imagine to be true."
         He believes that purposeful daydreaming builds new "memories" in the
55  brain. These positive memories improve a person's self-image.  And  self-
    image has an important effectw on a person's actions and accomplishments.
         Can you use purposeful  daydreaming  to  shape your own future?Why
    not try?Here is how those who believe in creative daydreaming recommend
    going about it. Choose a  time  when  you  can be alone  and  undisturbed.
60 Close your eyes, to permit your imagination to soar more freely.Many peo-
    ple  find  that  they  gst  bes t results  by  pretending  that  they  are  sitting
    before a  large  sereen. They project the desired image of themselves  onto
    that screen.
           Now picture yourself-as vividly as possible-the way  you  want  to be.
65  Remember  to  picture  your desired goals as if you  had  already  attained
    them.Go over all the details of this picture See them clearly and sharply.Im-
    press them strongly on your memory. The  resulting,  memory  traces  will
    supposedly  start  affecting  your everyday life. They will help  lead you to
    the attainment of your goals.
70        Of course daydreaming is no substitute for hard work. If it's  athletic
    achievement you want,you also have to get lots of practice in your sport.
    You have towork hard to develop skills.If it's school success you're after,
    you can't  neglect studying. Daydreaming alone can't turn  you  into  your
    heart's  desire. But in combination with the more usual methods  of  self-
75 development,it might make a critical difference. It could be the difference
    between becoming merely good at sornething and becoming a champion.
          If what researchers are saying is true,a life lived without fantasies and
    daydreams  isn't  as  rich and  rewarding as life can be. So  they  suggest 
    setting aside a few minutes  each day for daydreaming. By so doing, you
80  may  improve  your physical  and mental  well-being. By taking a ten-  or
    fifteen- minute  "vacation" into  the  realm of imagination each  day,  you
    may  add     much to  the  excitement and enjoyment  of  your life.   And 
    who  knows: You  might see your own daydreams come true.
             

                             New Words     
                                    

    hostile / a.                        unfriendly; belonging to an enemy 敌对的
 view/ vt.                          consider, regard
   esape / n. & v.                 逃跑;逃避
 nighttime/ a.                     occurring at night
   interfere / vi.                     get in the way of another 干涉;妨碍
   interference/ n.
   researcher n.                     a person who does research
   benefit / n.                        advantage, profit, good effect 益处
 tense /a.                           feeling or showing nervous anxiety 紧张的 
 irritable / a.                       easily annoyed or made angry
   means / n.                         method or way
   psychologist/ n.                person who has studied or is skilled in      
                                                psycholo- gy 心理学家
 contriibute / vi.                  help in bringing about 贡献 
 gowth/ n.                          growing; development
   concentration/ n.               concentrating or being concentrated
   span / n.                           length of time during which sth.continues      
                                                 or works well 一段时间
   self-oontrol/ n.                  control of one's. own feelings, behavior, etc.                                                                  
   creative/ a.                        having the power to create; inventive
   renarkable / a.                   deserving attention; unusual, out of the
                                                  ordinary 显著的;非凡的    
 shape/ vt.                         influence and. determine the course or
                                                  form of 形成,塑造     
 industrialist/ n.                  one owning an industry or engaged in its      
                                                  man- agement
   maintelin / vt.                    state or assert as true;keep up 断言;维持
 picture vt.                         imagine; make a picture of
   inventor / n.                      a person who makes up or produces sth.new
   notable / a.                       outstanding;worthy of notice 著名的;值得
                        注意的
 achiever/ n.                       one who achieves; winner
   vividly / ad.                       in a lively manner 生动地,逼真地
       vivid/a.  
   immeasurably / ad.             to an extent or degree too great to be 
                                                 measured; beyond measure
   drift / vi.                            float or be driven along by wind,waves or
                                                 cur-rents 漂(流)
   athlete / n.                          person who is  trained  and  skilled  in
                                                 physical ex- ercises and who competes in
                                                 games that need strength and speed 运动员 
 pole-vaulting /n.                 jumping with the help of a long pole held 
                                                in the hands 撑竿跳
 champion / n.                    person or team taking the first place in
                                                a compe tition 冠军
 meet/ n.                             (AmE) gathering esp.for competitive sports
   clear/ vt.                            get past or over without touching
   bar/ n.                              横竿;杆;条状物  
 stadium / n.                       露天体育场 
 trace /n.                             mark showing that sb.or sth. has existed 
                                                or happened 痕迹
 memory trace                    chemical change occurring in the  brain
                                                 when new  infomation  is  absorbed  and
                                                 remembered 记忆痕(脑部吸收或记忆信息时所
                          产生的化学变化)
   vision / n.                         sth. seen in the mind's eye; the power of
                                                imagi- nation 想象(力)
   automatically/ad                自动地;无意识地
 automatic a.
   appropriately /ad.              properly, suitably
   appropriate/ a.
   purposeful/ a.                   having a conscious purpose
   self-image/ n.                    view of oneself 自我形象
 accomplishment/ n.           sth.completely and successfully done 成就
 recommend / vt.               advise or suggest;speak favorably of 建议;
                                                  推荐
 soar/ vi.                           fly or go up high in the air; rise 翱翔;
                                                 升腾
 screen / n.                       white surface on which cinema films, TV
                                                pro- grams, etc. are shown 银幕;屏幕
 project / vt.                     cause a picture from a film or slide to
                                                fall on a surface, etc. 映,投射
 goal / n.                          one's aim or purpose  目标
 attain / vt.                        succeed in arrving at, esp. after effort,
                                               reach 获得;达到
 supposedly / ad.              presumably; probably
   affect / vt.                       have an effect on 影响
 attainment/ n.                   the act of attaining; (usu. pl) sth.   
                                               successfully reached or learnt, esp. a skill
   substitute / n.                  a person or thing acting  in  place  of
                                               another 代替者;借用品
 athletic / a.                      having to do with active games and sporenou
                                              of or concerning athletes
   aehievement/ n.              sth. successfully finished or gained成就
 after/ prep.                     in pursuit of ; in search of
   neglect /vt.                     pay no attention to; give  no  or  not
                                              enough care to 忽视
 combination / n.             joining or putting together结合
 method / n.                    way of doing sth.
   merely/ ad.                    only; simply
   well-being / n.                health and happiness; welfare 康乐;安康
 vacation/ n.                    time of rest and freedom  from  work  or 
                                             school; holirlay
   realm / n.                       area; kingdom 领域;王国
 enjoyment/ n.                 the act  or  fact of enjoying; pleasure;
                                             satisfaction
                         

                                 Phrases & Expressiobs    
                          

   amount to                          develop into; be equal to
  interfere with                      hinder, affect; interrupt 干扰;妨碍
 contribute to                      help to achieve; give help towards有助于
 get along with                     have a friendly relationship with
  due to                                because of; caused by
  come true                           happen just as was wished, expected, or 
  go about                            dreamt make a start at; undertake着手做
                             

                      Proper Names    
                   

   Barb                               巴勃(女子名,Barbara的昵称)
  Joan T. Freyberg             琼.T.弗赖伯格
 Kaiser                             凯泽(姓氏)
  Florence Nightingale        佛洛伦斯.南丁格尔
 Fosdick                          福斯迪克(姓氏)
  Uelses                            尤尔塞斯(姓氏)
  Maxwell Maltz                马克斯韦尔.莫尔茨   

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CET3-07 THE SHELTER

     Unit Seven    
               

     Text   
             

                Seueral neighbors hope to find  safety  in  the  only
          bomb  shelter  on  their  street  when  an  announcement
          comes ouer the radio that enemy missiles  are  approach-
          ing. Can it  shelter all of them? Does its owner  let them
          in? Here is the story...
                    

THE SHELTER Rod Serling SYNOPSIS OF ACT ONE: On a summer evening, a birthday celebration is go- ing on at Dr. Stockton's. Among those present are his neighbors: the Hen- dersons, the Weiss's and the Harlowes. In the midst of it comes unexpected- ly over the radio the announcement of the President of the United States declaring 5 a state of emergency for suspected enemy missiles approaching. The party breaks up and the neighbors hurry home. However, shortly afterwards they return one after another to the Stockton house for the simple reason that they want to survive-- want to share with the Stocktons the bomb shelter which is the only one on their street. ACT TWO (abridged) OUTSIDE STOCKTON HOME HENDERSON It'll land any minute. I just know it. It's going to land any minute- MRS. HENDERSON ( grabs hold of him )What are we going to do? 5 Thoughout above and following dialtogue, a portable radio carried by one of the children carries the following announcement: ANNOUNCER'S VOICE This is Conelrad. This is Conelrad. We are 10 still in a state of Yellow Alert. If you are a public official or government employee with an emergency assignment, or a civil defense worker, you should report to your post im- mediately. If you are a public official or 15 government employee... MRS. HARLOWE Jerry, ask again. HARLOWE Don't waste your time. He won't let anyone in. He said he didn't have any room or sup- plies there and it's designed for three peo- 20 ple. MRS. HENDERSON what'll we do? HAR LOWE Maybe we ought to pick out just one base- ment and go to work on it. Pool all our stuff. Food, water, everything. 25 MRS. HARLOWE It isn't fair. ( she points toward Stockton house ) He's down there in a bomb shelter completely safe. And our kids have to just wait around for a bomb to drop and- HENDERSON Let's just go down into his basement and 30 break down the door? A chorus of voices greet this with assent. As HENDERSON rushes through toward the basement entrance, HARLOWE 35 overtakes him saying: HARLOWE Wait a minute, wait a minute. All of us couldn't fit in there. That would be crazy to even try. 40 WEISS Why don't we draw lots? Pick out one fami- ly? HARLOWE What;difference would it make? He won't let us in. HENDERSON We can all march down there and tell him 45 he's got the whole street against him. We could do that. HARLOWE What good would that do? I keep telling you. Even if we were to break down the door, it couldn't accommodate all of us. 50 We'd just be kihing everybody and for no reason. MRS. HENDERSON If it saves even one of these kids out here - I call that a reason. 55 The voice comes up again. WEISS Jerry, you know him better than any of us. You're his best friend. Why don't you go down again? Try to talk to him. Plead with 60 him. Tell him to pick out one family-Draw lots or something-- HENDERSON One family, meaning yours, Weiss, huh? WEISS ( whirls around to him ) Why not? I've got a three-month-old infant-- 65 MRS. HENDERSON What differenee does that make? Is your baby's life any more precious than our kids? WEISS ( shouting at her ) I never said that. If you're going to start trying to argue about who de- serves to live more than the next one-- 70 HENDERSON Why don't you shut your mouth; Weiss? ( with a wild, illogical anger ) That's the way it is when the foreigners come over here.Ag- gressive, greedy, semi-Americans-- WEISS (his face goes white ) Why you garbage- 75 brained idiot you-- MRS. HENDERSON It still goes, Weiss! I bet you're at the bottom of the list-- WEISS suddenly flings himself through the crowd toward the man and there's 80 a brief, hand--td--hand fight between them broken up by HARLOWE who stands between them breathless. HARLOWE Keep it up, both of you.Just keep it up.We won't need a bomb. We can slaughter each 85 other. MRS. WEISS (pleading) Marty, go down to Bill's shelter again. Ask him-- WEISS I've already asked him. It wouldn't do any good. 90 Once again the siren sounds and the people seem to move closer together, staring up toward the night sky. Off in the distance we see searchlights. HARLOWE Searchlights. It must be coming closer. 95 HENDERSON ( as he sudenly pushes HARLOWE aside and heads for as he sudthe steps ) I'm going down there and get him to open up that door. I don't care what the rest of you think. That's the only thing left to do. 100 MAN#1 He's right. Come on, let's do it. INSIDE THE SHELTER GRACE is holding tight to PAUL .STOCKTON stands close to the door Iisten- 105 ing to the noises from outside as they approach. There's a pounding on the sheltsr door that reverberates. OUTSIDE THE SHELTER HENDERSON Bill? Bill Stockton? You've got a bunch of 110 your neighbors out here who want to stay alive.Now you can open the door and talk to us and figure out with us how many can come in there. Or else you can just keep doing what you're doing --and we'll fight our way 115 in there. HARLOWE appears and pushes his way through the group and goes over to the shelter door. 120 HARLOWE Bill. This is Jerry. They mean business out here. STOCKTON'S VOICE And I mean business in here. I've already told you, Jerry. You're wasting your time. You're wasting precious time that could be 125 used for something, else ... like figuring out how you can survive. MAN#1 Why don't we get a big, heavy log to break the door down? HENDERSON We could go ove to Bennett Avenue. Phil 130 Kline has sorne giant logs in his basement. I've seen them. Let's get one. And we'll just tell Kline to keep his mouth shut as to why we want it. WEISS Let's get hold of ourselves. Let's stop and 135 think for a minute-- HENDERSON ( tuning to face WEISS ) Nobody cares what you think. You or your kind. I thought I made that clear upstairs. I think the first or- der of business is to get you out of here. 140 With this he strikes out, smashing his fist into WEISS's face in a blow so un- expected so wild that WEISS, totally unprepared, is knocked against the wall. His wife screams and, Still holding the baby, rushes to him. There's a commotion as several men try to grab the neighbor and HARLOWE is immedi- 145 ately at WEISS's side trying to help him to his feet . Once again the sirens blast. HENDERSON (shouts over the noise and commotion) Come on, let's get something to smash this door 150 down. They start out of the cellar toward the steps. INSIDE THE SHELTER 155 STOGKTON slowly turns to face his wife. The angry screaming cries of the people ring in their ears even as they depart. GRACE (looks up) Bill? Who were those people? 160 STOCKTON ( turning to stare toward the door ) "Those people? " Those are our neighbors, Grace. Our friends. The people we've lived with and alongside for twenty years. (then in a different fixed expression and in a different tone ) Come on, Paul. Let's put stuff up 165 against this door. Everything we can. The man and boy then start to pile up a barricade, using fumiture, the genera- tor, books, any movable object they can get their hands on. 170 OUTSIDE OF THE SHELTER The mob marches down the street carrying a large heavy log that is perhaps fifteen feet long. Their own shouts mix with the sound of the intermittent siren and with the voice of the annouricer on the Conelrad station. 175 ANNOUNCER'S VOICE We've been asked to once again remind the population that they are to remain. calm, stay off the streets. This is urgent. Please remain off the streets. Everything possible 180 is being done in t he way of protection. But the mili-tary and important civil defense vehicles must have the streets clear. So you're once again reminded to remain off the streets. Remain off the streets! 185 The minute the mob gathers before the STOCKTON house, they smash into it, carrying the giant log. They move down the cellar steps. As the log smashes into the shelter door, the siren goes up louder and more piercing and it is at this moment that we see both WEISS and HARLOWE join the men on the 190 heavy log to lend their support to it. INSIDE THE SHELTER STOCKTON and PAUL lean against it as it starts to give under the weight, 195 under the pressure. The air is filled with angry shouts, the intermittent siren, the cries of wonen and children. INSIDE AND OUTSIDE OF THE SHELTER 200 And it all reaches one vast pitch just as the door is forced open. PAUL and STOCKTON are pushed back into the shelter and just at this manent the Iights go on in the basement. The siren also reaches its top and then suddenly goes off and there is absolute dead silence for a long moment. Then from the portable radio in the corner comes 205 ANNOUNCER'S VOICE This is Conelrad. This is Conelrad. Remain tuned for an important message . Remain tuned for an important message. ( a pause) The President of the United States has jist 210 announced that the previously unidentified objects have now been definitely identified as being satellites. Repeat. There are no enemy missiles approaching. Repeat, there are no enemy missiles approaching . The objects 215 have been identified as satellites. They are harmless and, we are in no danger. Repeat. We are in no danger.The state of emergency has officially been called off . We are in no danger. Repeat. There is no enemy attack. 220 There is no enemy attack. MRS. WEISS ( her eyes closed. and crying softly ) Thank God. Oh, thank God. WEISS ( in a whisper, his face bruised and blood clot- ted ) Amen to that. 225 HENDERSON Hey, Marty. . . Marty. . . I went crazy. You understand that, don't you? I just went crazy. I didn't mean all the things I said.(he wets . his Iips, his voice shaking ) We were all of ua. . . we were so scared. . . so confused. 230 (he holds out his hands in a gesture ) Well, it's no wonder really, is it? I mean . . . well, you can understand why we blew our tops a little-- 235 There's a murmur of voices, a few half--hearted nods, but they' re alI still in a state of shock. HARLOWE I don't think. Marty's going to hold it against you. ( then turning to STOCKTON ) I just hope 240 Bill won't hold this-- ( he points to the wreckage around him ) against us.We'll pay for the damage, Bill. We'll take up a collec- tion right away. 245 AS STOCKTON walks past them across the cellar and up toward the stairs, all eyes are on him and there's an absolute dead silence. WEISS ( hisvvoice shaky and nervous ) We could . . . we oould have a block party or something to- 250 morrow night. A big ce~ebration. I think we deserve one now. He looks around smiling at the otfiers, a nervous smiie bom of a carry--over of fear and the realization that sflmething has taken hold of alI of them now. 255 Something deadening in its effect and dlsquieting beyound words. STOCKTON takes a step up on the stairs then stops and turns back toward them. His face is expressionless. HARLOWE (with phony laughter desperately trying to re- 260 lieve situation ) Block party's not a b~d idea. ( looking around at the others ) Anything to get back to normal. STOCKTON ( looks from face to face and slowly shakes his head ) Normal? ( a pause ) I don't know. I 265 don't know what " normal " is. I thought I did, but I don't any more. HARLOWE I told you we'd pay for the damages- STOCKTON ( stares at him ) The damages? ( he nods ) I wonder if we realize just what those damages 270 are? ( he looks from face to face again ) Maybe the worst of them was finding out just what we're like when we're normal. The kind of people we are. Just underneath the surface. I mean all of us. A lot of naked ani- 275 mals who attach such great importance to staying alive that they claw their neighbors to death just far the privilege. ( he leans against the stairway wall, suddenly desperateiy tired, very softly as he tums away from them ) We 280 were spared a bomb tonight. . . but I wonder if we weren't destroyed even without it. He continues up the steps.

             New Words

shelter n.                             (sth. that gives) cover or protection 演变（处）
synopsis /(pl.synopses)        summary or outline ( of a book, play, etc: ) 提
      n.                要，梗概
celebration /  n.                   marking (of an event or a special occasion) with
                                         public or private rejoicings 庆祝
 celebrate/ v.
midst/ n.                             middle part
         prep.                        amidst
missile / n.              导弹
afterwards/ ad.                    later, after that
bomb /  n.                          炸弹
abridge / vt.                        make shorter by using fewer words 缩略，删节
grab / vt.                            take roughly, snatch eagerly
dialog(ue) /  n.                    对话，对白
portable /  a.                       that can be easily carried or moved 手提式的
carry/ vt.                            broadcast
announcer n.                      a person who reads news or introduce,s people on
                                             radio or television
employee /  n.                    a person who is employed
civil defense                       a civilian emergency program for protecting peo-
                                             ple and their property against enemy attacks
                                             or natural disasters 民防
post/ n.                              place of duty 岗位
design / vt.                         intend; make a drawing or patterns of (sth. )设计
basement /  n.                    a. room or rooms in a house which are below
                                            street level 地下室
pool/ vt.                            put ( things or money) together, esp. for com-
                                            mon advantage 把...集中在一起（共用）
stuff/ n.                             things in a mass; matter
chorus /  n.                       sth. said or cried by many people at one time;
                                             song for all to sing together 齐声说的话（或喊
                      声）；合唱
sent /n .                             agreemerit
entrance / n.                      gate, door, or other opening by which one enters
                                                入口处
overtake/ vt.                      catch up with赶上
crazy / a.                           mad; foolish
accommodate / vt.             have enough space for; provide with a rocnn in
                                            which to live or stay 容纳；向…提供住宿
  accotnmodation n. 
plead / vi.                         make continual and deeply felt requests恳求
huh /int.                            (used for expressing surprise or disapproval)
whirl / vi.                          move or travel rapidly; move quickly round and
                                             round飞速移动;旋转
infant / n.                          child during the first few years of its life 婴儿
precious / a.                      highly valued; of great value or beauty 珍贵的
deserve / vt.                      have a right to; be worthy of值得
illogical / a.                       be against logic; without logic不合逻辑;无缘由的
foreigner/ n.                      person belonging to a foreign country
aggressive / a.                   always ready to quarrel; not afraid of opposition;
                                            enterprising 挑衅的;放肆的;积极进取的
greedy/ a.                         excessively eager to acquire; wanting to get more
                                       than one's share贪婪的
semi- / pref.                      half
idiot / n.                            a very stupid or foolish person白痴
bet (bet or betted)/ vt.       be very sure; risk (money) on the result of a future
                                            event 确信;用…打赌
fling/ (flung )/ vt.               move (oneself) violently, esp. in anger, throw
                                           violeritly or with force使(自己)猛扑;用力扔,掷
hand-to-hand/ a.                in close contact 逼近的;直接交手的
slaughter /vt.                     kill (anixnals, people) in large numberstusha 屠杀
siren / n.                           penetrating whistle as a warning 警报
searchlight / n.                  powerful light with a beam that can be turned in  
                                       any direction 探照灯
pounding/ n.                     a severe beating or blow猛击
 pound/ v.
reverberate / vi.                 eeho xepeatedly回响
long/ n.                             原木
avenue / n.                        wide street in a town
giant / a.                           of great size or force
         n.                           man,manimal, or plant much larger than noumal
fist/ n.                              拳头
cellar /n.                           an underground room, usu. used for storing
                                       goods 地窖
depart /n.                          leave a place.
departure/ n
barricade /n.                     barner of objects put across or in front of sth. as
                                      a defense障碍;街垒
generator/ n.                    a machine which generates, usu. electricity
movable/ a.                      that can be moved
mob/ n.                            alarge noisy and disorderly crowd, esp. one that
                                           has gathered for mischief or attack 一伙人;
                      一群暴徒
intermittent / a.                 pausing.,or stopping at intervals; not oontinuous
                                            断断续续
remind / vt.                      tell or cause ( sb. ) to remember 提醒
urgent / a.                        demanding. immediate action or attention; important
military / a.                      connected with soldiers, armies军事的
vehicle / n.                       a means of carrying or transporting sth.
piercing / a.                     (of sound) very sharp and clear, esp. in an unpleasant
                                          way ; penetrating 尖利的;刺穿的
pierce/ v.
give/ vi.                            bend; yield to pressure 弯曲;塌下
pitch / n.                          the degree of highness or lowness. of a musical note
                                          or speaking voice 声音的高低,调子
tune/ vt.                           adJust (a radio or television receiver) to respondto
                                          waves of a particular frequency
definitely / ad.                  without a doubt; clearly
    definite/ a.
identify / vt.                     认出;识别
hattnless/ a.                     that cannot cause harm
harm/ n.
bruise/ vt.                        injure the outside of碰伤;使(皮肉)青肿
clot / vt. 
Amen /int.                       may this be true阿门(基督教徒祈祷结束时的用语)
hey / int.                          (used to call attention or express surprise)
scare / vt.                        frighten
gesture / n.                      movement; usu. of the hands, to express a certain 
                                            meaning姿势,手势
murmur / n.                     a soft low sound
half-hearted/ a.                 showing little effort and no real interest
wreckage / n.                   the broken parts of a destroyed thing 残骸
shaky/ a.                         shaking or unsteady
block party                     (AmE) a party or celebration held in the street
                                           by the residents of a block or neighborhood;  
                                           esp. to raise funds for a local church or block
                                           club
carry-over/ n.              sth. carried or left over剩余物
realization/ n.              being or beooming conscious
deaden/ v.               (cause to) lose strength, feeling, brightness,etc. 
desquiet/ vt.              disturb
phon(e)y / a.              pretended; false
laughter/ n.              laughing 笑声
desperately /ad.              with little hope of success 绝望地;拼命地
desperate/ a.
underneath / prep.          beneath; under
naked / a.                      not covered by clothes; nude裸体的
claw / vt.                       tear, seize, pull with claws or hands 用爪抓
stairway/ n.                   楼梯
destroy / vt.                  break to pieces; put an end to 摧毁

　

                     Phrases & Expressions 

in the midst of                    in the middle of
break up                             cease to be together 散开
grab/get/take hold of           get possession of; grasp 抓住
break down                        destroy
fit in                                   ind space or room (for sth. or sb. )
draw lots                            use lots to decide sth. 抽签
make a/the difference          have an effect pr influence;  matter 有关系,有影响
come up                             grow louder, stronger or brighter
head for                              move towards, go to
figure out                            work out; understand (sth. or sb. ) by thinking 解决,
                                                 算出；理解，弄清楚
or else                                otherwise; if not
mean business                     be ready to act ( not merely talk ) ; be serious 是当真的
pile up                                heap up 堆起
get one's hands on              find; get posse.ssion of
in the way of                       in the matter of ; as regards 在…方面;关于
go on                                 be lit (灯)亮
go off                                stop, discontinue
call off                               stop or give the order to stop; cancel 停止;取消
blow one's top                    (sl. ) explode with anger 大发脾气
hold. . .against                    allow (sth. ) to affect one's judgement of (sb. ) 因(某
                       事)而嫉恨(某人)
take up                               begin, undertake
born of                              owing existence to; deriving or resulting from

                                              Proper Names

　
Stockton                                             司道克顿(姓氏)
Henderson                                          亨德森(姓氏)
Marty Weiss                                       马蒂·韦斯
Jerry Harlowe                                      杰雷·哈洛
Conelrad  ( short for Control                (美国)康纳雷民防广播体系(现已停
     of Electromagnetic Radiation)           止使用)
Yellow Alert                                        空袭预备警报
Grace                                                  格雷斯(姓氏及女子名)
Paul                                                    保罗(男子名)
Bennett Avenue                                   贝内特大街
Phil HIine                                            菲尔·克兰    

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